Premier League produced an average of 2.48 goals per match.[35] The Laws of the Game do not specify any player positions other than goalkeeper,[36] but a number of specialised roles have evolved. Broadly, these include three main categories: strikers, or forwards, whose main task is to score goals; defenders, who specialise in preventing their opponents from scoring; and midfielders,
who dispossess the opposition and keep possession of the ball in order
to pass it to the forwards on their team. Players in these positions are
referred to as outfield players, in order to distinguish them from the
goalkeeper. These positions are further subdivided according to the area
of the field in which the player spends most time. For example, there
are central defenders, and left and right midfielders. The ten outfield
players may be arranged in any combination. The number of players in
each position determines the style of the team's play; more forwards and
fewer defenders creates a more aggressive and offensive-minded game,
while the reverse creates a slower, more defensive style of play. While
players typically spend most of the game in a specific position, there
are few restrictions on player movement, and players can switch
positions at any time.[37] The layout of a team's players is known as a formation. Defining the team's formation and tactics is usually the prerogative of the team's manager.[38]
Laws
Players, equipment, and officials
The basic equipment or kit players are required to wear includes a shirt, shorts, socks, footwear and adequate shin guards. Headgear is not a required piece of basic equipment, but players today may choose to wear it to protect themselves from head injury. Players are forbidden to wear or use anything that is dangerous to themselves or another player, such as jewellery or watches. The goalkeeper must wear clothing that is easily distinguishable from that worn by the other players and the match officials.[40]
A number of players may be replaced by substitutes during the course of the game. The maximum number of substitutions permitted in most competitive international and domestic league games is three, though the permitted number may vary in other competitions or in friendly matches. Common reasons for a substitution include injury, tiredness, ineffectiveness, a tactical switch, or timewasting at the end of a finely poised game. In standard adult matches, a player who has been substituted may not take further part in a match.[41] IFAB recommends that "that a match should not continue if there are fewer than seven players in either team." Any decision regarding points awarded for abandoned games is left to the individual football associations.[42]
A game is officiated by a referee, who has "full authority to enforce the Laws of the Game in connection with the match to which he has been appointed" (Law 5), and whose decisions are final. The referee is assisted by two assistant referees. In many high-level games there is also a fourth official who assists the referee and may replace another official should the need arise.[43]
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